学习任何东西,首先要会使用他。代码也是如此,最近在研究nginx,以前只是简单的使用它,现在准备从头开始研究它,下面开始nginx的安装与配置。
安装前准备
选首先安装这几个软件:GCC,PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expression),zlib,OpenSSL。
Nginx是C写的,需要用GCC编译;Nginx的Rewrite和HTTP模块会用到PCRE;Nginx中的Gzip用到zlib;
用命令“# gcc”,查看gcc是否安装;如果出现“gcc: no input files”信息,说明已经安装好了。 否则,就需要用命令“# yum install gcc”,进行安装了!一路可能需要多次输入y,进行确认。 安装好后,可以再用命令“#gcc”测试,或者用命令“# gcc -v”查看其版本号。
同样方法,用如下命令安装PCRE,zlib,OpenSSL(其中devel,是develop开发包的意思):
# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
# yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
下载并安装
下载,解压,配置,编译,安装
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
# tar xzf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.10.3
# ./configure
# make
# make install
默认的安装路径为:/usr/local/nginx,到sbin目录下面,便可以启动、关闭nginx服务。
这里我们最常用的: ./nginx -h
,用来查看nginx所支持的命令和服务。
nginx version: nginx/1.10.3
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
Options:
-?,-h : this help
-v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-T : test configuration, dump it and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)
-c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
添加到系统服务
编辑文件:# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
,输入一下内容:
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 85 15
# Startup script for the nginx Web Server
# description: nginx is a World Wide Web server.
# It is used to serve HTML files and CGI.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx deamon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
d_start(){
$DAEMON || echo -n "already running"
}
d_stop(){
$DAEMON -s quit || echo -n "not running"
}
d_reload(){
$DAEMON -s reload || echo -n "can not reload"
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
d_start
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
d_stop
echo "."
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC conf..."
d_reload
echo "reload ."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
d_stop
sleep 2
d_start
echo "."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $ScRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0
然后设置文件可执行:# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
,加入系统服务。
这时就可以用如下命令开启或者关闭:
# service nginx start
# service nginx stop
# service nginx restart
设置开机启动
# chkconfig --add nginx
# chkconfig nginx on/off
# chkconfig --list nginx
nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
检测是否安装成功
首先查看服务器ip地址,# ifconfig
,直接访问ip地址,如果现实如下Welcome to nginx!
界面,说明安装成功。
如果访问不成功,这时要查看下防火墙是否关闭。
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables;
-A INPUT -m state –state New tcp -m tcp -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
重新启动防火墙;
service iptables restart;
然后重启nginx。